WarMachine said:
I think it's pretty stupid to create an indpendent chechnya since it would be surrounded by russia anyway. The massacres mentioned were terrorists acts, but a lot of death on the chechen side was a contributing factor to these events occuring. I don't see these things in black and white because that's usually never the case. I like to know about the russian and chechen side and i've realized overtime that both have been very lethal in their methods throughout that conflict. I think the chechens resorted to terrorism because it was easy, but it isn't paying off. Now i don't think that you can ever justify terrorism against civilians since civilians never fight an opponent, the military fights.
Unfortunately, I can't point you to the good sources on this matter in English.
You are wrong in regards on geography( a common American ignorance, I believe

. Checnya is not surrounded by Russia. On the South, it borders Georgia which had supported Chechnya and has some Chechen minority along the border.
Let me give you some short history(my own version
The Chechen nation has survived a very tough life in the Caucasus mountain region. It has been surrounded by hostile tribes, mostly Christian(Georgians and Ossetians) as well as Ingushes. Economy was pretty much concentrated on cattle, so stealing of cattle (and women) was always a huge business for the Chechens and for their neighbours.
This tough life has produced very tough, resourceful, brave and cruel people. Their ethics could be very strange for the outsider.
1. They are fiercely loyal to their teip(clan). The loyalty to their nation comes after that.
2. All outsiders are fair game, except when they are guests. Guests are sacred. A mortal enemy can show up at the Chechen's door and he will be getting all the courtesies - food, shelter, etc.
However, as soon as he gets out of sight - he will be pursued and killed, if found.
The first Russian troops and the irregulars(Cossacks) have come to the area 400 years ago. The weaker tribes have come(mostly voluntarily) under the Russian rule. The stronger ones have resisted until the end of the 19th sentury. Some people and even whole tribes have moved out to Turkish Empire's lands - that's why there are a lot of Chechens in Saudi Arabia and Jordan, as well as Circassians in Jordan, Syria and Lebanon.
Those who stayed, were, pretty much, left alone. The Csarist Government has been relying on the local chiefs and nobles to rule the land.
The situation has changed when oil has been found in the plaines of Chechnya. A number of Russian techicians have moved in and cities have been built there. But again, the Csar didn't want to change the locals' lifes, religions, etc.
When the Bolshevicks have taken power, they wanted to change all that and the resistance grew. There were several uprisings in Chechnya between 1920 and 1941. They were crashed mercilessly.
However, when the WWII has started and the German Army has come to the borders of Chechnya, many of the Chechens have been seeing their chance. They have cooperated with the Nazis, provided them with the intelligence, stored weapons and explosives in their villages.
In the same time, other Chechens have been fighting the Germans along with the Russians. So, I wouldn't say that entire Chechen nation was pro-German and anti-Soviet.
However, Stalin has not discriminate - he has ordered the entire nation to be exiled. And not just the Chechens. He had sent to exile all ethnic Germans, Koreans, Greeks, Balkars, Ingushes, Turkes, Crimean Tartars...
Now, try to understand how they felt being thrown into the cattle railroad cars and sent on the thousand miles journey to the steppes of Kazakhstan....
No shelter, no infrastructure - they had to build everything by themselves.
The locals, who are Moslems, were not hostile at the beginning. But it has changed.
The Kazakhs were poor and not as enterprenerial, but they have controlled the police and the courts.
No wonder, many Chechens, fierce and independent men, have found themselves in the Soviet Gulag prison camps very soon!
And they throve there! They have been very well prepared for harsh reality of the camps- they spoke the unknown language, they didn't snitch, they protected each other...
The Chechen criminals are the most respected in the Russian underworld since...
After removing the Chechens and the Ingushes from their land, Stalin has ordered to remove all signs of their existense there.
I have seen the map of Chechnya made in the 1950-s, where the word "Chechnya" has disappeared from! The area has been renamed to "Groznensky District". Many cities and villages have changed their names and inhabitants.
So, when the Chechens have been allowed to returned after the Stalin's death, they had to squeeze between the new settlers.
Yes, the Chechens have a lot of grievances against the Soviets!
In the same time, they have paid back in different way.
The shadow economy of Chechnya was notorious, the Chechen criminal gangs were very powerful in Moscow. At some point, I have heard, the number of luxury cars in the Chechen capital, Grozny, have been the highest in the country, except of Moscow(50 times larger city).
When the USSR has collapsed, the Chechens were well prepared for the new "Wild East" situation. They have siphoned billions from the Russian economy using th illegal schemes. The Chechen criminals had the safe heaven in th Chechen republic - as soon as he crossed the border, he was safe from justice.. The Republic itself was a little Somalia or Afghanistan at that time.
From that point, I think, the matter of Russian/Soviet oppression had become the issue of the Russian survival as the state.
The best solution, ideally, was to dissociate Chechya from Russia completely, build a fence, remove all ethnic Russians from there...
But it was not possible - the Russians can't even think about the loss of territory(even with th largest territory in the world!)
So, they have tried to crash it and have been beaten badly. The peace agreement has made Checnya almost independent... But!
She was unable to become sustainable - the warlords have been fighting each other, the lawlesness grew... and more Muslim fanatics were coming to fight and proselite for the extreme Islam...
The Saudis and other were paying for that. So, the Chechen warlords, especially late Khattab the Arab and Basaev, have tried to spread their influence over other Russian areas. .The have launched raids into Russia
That had given Russsia the pretext to beat them back and then re-conquer th country.
Remember, I have been talking about their clans(teips)?
The Russians have learned to use one teip against another. Thus they were able to create pro-Moscow government there and make Chechens to fight Chechens.
Is everything over?
This round, apparently, yes.
However, the entire region of Northern Caucasus is a powder keg. While Russia is a demographic disaster now - it is dying off, this region is steaming with overpopulation with thousands of unemployed young people having nothing to do. The Wahhabi ideas are getting more and more popular there.
Hope, it will help you understand a little bit more...