The last stand of the 31st RCT East of Chosin in the Korean War may well have enabled the First Marine Division to attack in a different direction.
This was actually two battalions if the 31st Infantry, one battalion of the 32nd Infantry and supporting units, including anti aircraft artillery ubits capable of putting out a lot of firepower. When the Communist Chinese attacked First Marine Division, two Chinese Infantry Divisions, one reinforced by a regiment of a third Division, attacked the 31st RCT. Odds were 20,000 Chinese against 2,500 US Soldiers. 31st RCT was wiped out, fewer than 400 surviving. However, they did take out the Chinese divisions.
O.P. Smith, CG of the First Marine Division, made a desultory attempt to relive 31st RCT, then abandoned them. After the Chosin breakout, O. P. Smith accused the soldiers of the 31st RCT of wholesale cowardice. People, including a number of USMC officers, believed 31st RCT had been unfairly treated and worked to tell their story. Review of Chinese Military documents finally revealed what the 31st RCT had done, and the unit as awarded a Navy Presidential Citation, approximately 50 years after the event.
Some Marines have questioned the significance of 31st RCT's stand East of Chosin. Had 31st RCT not stood and fought, had the soldiers simply thrown away their arms and fled as O. P. Smith alleged, two, possibly three Chinese Infantry Divisions would have come down the East side of the Chosin Reservoir unfought and descended on Hagaru-Ri behind the First Marine Division before it could concentrate for their breakout. That would not have been good for First Marine Division.