The Chinese have traditional Communist characteristics as demonstrated by their restrictions on political free speech and lack of democracy, but have an anti-socialist economy relying almost entirely on market forces.
There was a good report on the BBC world service this morning on Chinese healthcare. They have American style medical insurance and as a result despite having excellent medical facilities in cities, the rural poor who generally cannot afford insurance are subject to dirty, basic and often alternative practises. In particular there is a lack of coordination between primary health-care and specialists, a typical problem with privately run systems.
This is quite a good series for those interested in the private v public funded healthcare debate in different countries.
http://www.bbc.co.uk/worldservice/news/2009/11/091116_healthcare_world.shtml