One of the most memorable items seen on an officers dress coat is the elaborate system of bars or stripes, usually made with gold braid, that are a part of the lower arm sleeve or cuff. You may have noticed those large, golden buttons on your sleeve cuff if you were enlisted. It serves a very colorful purpose now, but in days of yore, these items served a more practical purpose for the officer and yes, the enlisted man too.
The practice started in the 1600s, when a British naval commander of a warship noticed that his midshipmen and officers were wiping their noses on the arm sleeves of their jackets, instead of using a handkerchief, as any gentleman should. Since the commander of a ship could set the standard for dress aboard for the officers and crew, the commander proscribed the addition of fancy loops and enclosing stripes, as a gold braid, to the arm sleeves of his officers jackets, as a rank indicator, and large buttons with raised embossing for his enlisted men.
For those that have never tested the feeling, gold braid or a large button with a raised design is about the roughest thing to drag across a tender nose, and it would not take more than a few swipes to stop a person with a cold or runny nose from performing the practice. As always, other ship captains, and marine commander on the ships saw the practice, and adopted it for their own, with the end result of standardization, throughout the navy and eventually the armed services, of using the decorations to indicate rank or stature.
Although now we have more hygienic soldiers (sure, yeah, right), the use of the gold braid and buttons are still a part of today’s dress uniforms, even though shoulder boards and other items have taken over the rank display.