perseus
Active member
It seems to me the Berlin Flak towers may be the last above ground fortresses of their size and magnitude ever built. However, like many dinosaurs of this period such as Battleships, surely it placed an unreasonable toll on Germany's industrial capacity and cried out like a sore thumb to be destroyed. Why weren't they? Why did these guns need to be elevated rather than distributed in parks and protected with sandbags? Did Berlin not have the space like in London? It would have plenty eventually!
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flak_tower
After the RAF's raid on Berlin in 1940, Adolf Hitler ordered the construction of 3 massive Flak towers to defend the capital from air attack. These towers were each supported by a radar installation that had a retractable radar dish (the dish would be retracted behind a thick concrete and steel dome in order to prevent damage in an air raid). The Flak towers, the design of which Hitler took personal interest in and even made some sketches for, were constructed in a mere 6 months. The priority of the project was evidenced in the fact that the German national rail schedule was altered in order to facilitate the shipment of the necessary materials, namely concrete, steel and lumber to the construction sites.[citation needed]
With concrete walls up to 3.5 metres thick, Flak towers were considered to be invulnerable to attack with the usual ordinance carried by Allied bombers, though it is unlikely that they would have withstood Grand Slam bombs which successfully penetrated much thicker reinforced concrete. Aircraft generally appeared to have avoided the flak towers. The towers were able to sustain a rate of fire of 8000 rounds per minute from their multi-level guns, with a range of up to 14km in a full 360-degree field of fire. The 3 flak towers around the outskirts of Berlin created a triangle of formidable anti-aircraft fire that covered the center of Berlin.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flak_tower